POTENTIAL OF BITTER MELON (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA L.) FRUIT EXTRACT AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT IN ANTI-ACNE TONER FORMULATION

Ratih Purwanti, Edy Edy Suprasetya, Yomika Lohorukma Ana Ote, Cut Novrita Rizki

Abstract


Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a plant that contains secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids and flavonoids, that have the potential to be natural antibacterial. These bioactive compounds have the potential to inhibit the growth of acne-causing bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, so they can be used in the development of anti-acne cosmetic preparations. This study aims to analyze the biological potential of bitter melon extract as an antibacterial in anti-acne toner preparations through testing the antibacterial activity and physico-chemical characteristics of the preparation. This study used a one-shot control study method with variations in the concentration of bitter melon extract of 1%, 2%, and 3%. The tests carried out included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus using disc diffusion method. The data was analyzed using SPSS software to find out the difference between each formula and the control. The results showed that all toner formulas have a liquid form, bubble gum aroma, and color that varies according to the concentration of the extract. The whole formula is organoleptically stable and homogeneous for 15 days of storage. The average pH values at F0, F1, F2, and F3 were 6.07 respectively; 5,19; 5,20; and 5.16, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The antibacterial activity test showed that the diameter of the inhibition zone at F0 was 0 mm, F1 was 1.24 mm, F2 was 1.31 mm, and F3 was 3.64 mm. Formulas with an extract concentration of 3% showed the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, although in general the inhibition was still relatively weak. Based on the results of the study, bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.) has biological potential as a natural antibacterial in the formulation of anti-acne toner and affects the physico-chemical characteristics of the preparation. However, the resulting antibacterial activity is still relatively low, so formulation optimization is needed to increase its effectiveness.

Keywords


antibacterial, bitter_melon, Momordica charantia L, toner, Staphylococcus aureus,

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37598/biosainsdik.v6i1.2696

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